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L-glutamine
DESCRIPTION
L-glutamine is a non-essential amino acid, which means it
can be made in the body. It is found widely dispersed in body
proteins and enzymes. L-glutamine can be converted into L-glutamic
acid and vice versa.
FUNCTIONS
L-glutamine is unusual in
being able to cross easily from the general circulation into
the brain. Once there, it is changed into L-glutamic acid,
which is an important energy source.
The formation of L-glutamine
is brought about by the addition of ammonia to L-glutamic
acid. L-glutamine is therefore useful in ammonia detoxification.
SUPPLEMENTAL USES
Mental Function
There has been much interest as to whether supplements of
L-glutamine or its derivatives can improve or modify brain
function (1). There are some reports of L-glutamine helping
in Depression, and others of L-glutamic acid and GABA (gamma-aminobutyric
acid) being used to improve brain function (1).
Carbohydrate Craving
and Alcoholism
L-glutamine reputedly breaks the vicious circle of carbohydrate
craving by suppression of brain messages that cause the craving
(1).
L-glutamine supplementation has been found to control alcohol
craving and may also protect the cells from the deleterious
effects of alcohol (1).
Gut Health
There is some clinical evidence that shows L-glutamine to
be effective in the treatment of peptic Ulcers. It appears
to aid the healing process of the gastrointestinal tract (2)
by a method as yet unknown.
Exercise stress
Glutamine may be of benefit to those who exercise frequently
as Stress resulting from physical activity decreases glutamine
concentrations (3).
SAFETY
6-12g daily of L-glutamine
has been used without toxicity. However, no more than 2-3g
daily should be self-administered.
INTERACTIONS AND CONTRA-INDICATIONS
There are no known drug
interactions or other contra-indications for L-glutamine.
REFERENCES
1. "The Healing Nutrients
Within", E R Braverman & C C Pfeiffer, Keats, 1987.
2. Elia M, Lunn PG. The use of glutamine in the treatment
of gastrointestinal disorders in man. Nutrition, 13;7-8:743-747
1997.
3. Keast D, et al. depression of plasma glutamine concentration
after exercise stress and its possible influence on the immune
system. Med J Aust, 162;1:15-18 1995.
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